How are children affected by domestic abuse?
Children who witness domestic abuse are at risk of both short and long-term physical and mental health problems. Every child will be affected differently to the trauma of domestic abuse.
Short-term effects of domestic abuse:
For young children this can include:
Bed-wetting
Increased sensitivity and crying
Difficulty sleeping or falling asleep
Separation anxiety
For school aged children this can include:
A loss of drive to participate in activities and school
Lower grades in school
Feeling guilty and to blame for the abuse happening to them
Getting into trouble more often
Physical signs such as headaches and stomach aches
For teenagers this can include:
Acting out in negative ways such as missing school or fighting with family members
Having low self-esteem
Finding it difficult to make friends
Engaging in risky behaviours such as using alcohol and other drugs
.
Long-term effects of domestic abuse:
Mental health problems, such as becoming anxious or depressed. Low mental health can also lead to big impacts on physical health, including self-harm or developing an eating disorder
Having a lowered sense of self-worth
Using alcohol and other drugs as unhealthy coping mechanisms
Repeating behaviors seen in their domestic setting
How to recognize the signs and indicators of a child experiencing domestic abuse at home
It can be difficult to know if domestic abuse is happening. Even if they are not physically harmed, children may experience emotional and psychological damage as a result of witnessing domestic abuse. Signs and indicators that a child has witnessed domestic abuse can include:
Withdrawn or detached behavior
Ambivalent feelings towards both the abuser and the non-abusing parent
Constant or frequent sickness
Frustration or aggression
Bullying peers
Problems in school or with learning
Easily startled or seem on edge
Fear of leaving the home
Bed-wetting or increased soiling
Nightmares or insomnia
Withdrawal or struggles with separation
Difficulty identifying feelings or communicating needs
Difficulty developing positive peer relationships
What should I do if I notice signs of domestic abuse, or I’m worried about a child?
If you are concerned that a child may be at imminent risk, always call 911 immediately.
What should I do if a child reveals abuse?
If a child speaks to you about domestic abuse it is important that you:
Provide a safe space for the young person to share
Let them know they’ve done the right thing telling you
Tell them it's not their fault
Listen to them and understand their needs
Do not push the child for answers, allow them to share as much as they are comfortable with
Do not confront the alleged abuser
Explain what you’ll do next
Report what you’ve been told immediately